電纜作為電力傳輸?shù)闹饕O(shè)備，一旦發(fā)生故障，就會導(dǎo)致電力網(wǎng)的電力中斷，從而嚴(yán)重居民生活和企業(yè)生產(chǎn)。而且傳統(tǒng)的電纜故障檢測方法，比較費時費力。 地埋探測的方式大大提高了電纜故障的檢測工作，因此得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。

As the main equipment of power transmission, once the cable fails, it will lead to the power interruption of the power network, which will seriously affect the residents' life and enterprise production. Moreover, the traditional cable fault detection method is time-consuming and laborious. The method of buried detection greatly improves the detection of cable faults, so it has been widely used.

按照基本的測試步驟操作。先要了解故障產(chǎn)生的原因及電纜基本情況，例如是運行產(chǎn)生故障還是預(yù)試產(chǎn)生故障，是新電纜還是運行時間很長的電纜，電纜的大概長度，電纜中間有沒有接頭，電纜以前有沒有出現(xiàn)過故障，電纜是直埋還是在電纜溝鋪設(shè)，以及電纜類型等等。其次一定要搞清楚，電纜兩端必須與其它線路斷開，確保電纜無電，電纜周圍環(huán)境處于狀態(tài)。

Follow the basic test steps. First of all, we should understand the causes of the fault and the basic situation of the cable, such as whether the fault is caused by operation or pre-test, whether it is a new cable or a cable that has been running for a long time, the approximate length of the cable, whether there is a joint in the middle of the cable, whether the cable has failed before, whether the cable is directly buried or laid in the cable trench, and the type of cable, etc. Secondly, it must be clear that both ends of the cable must be disconnected from other lines to ensure that the cable has no electricity and the surrounding environment of the cable is in a safe state.

另外在，每次與電纜接線前，將電纜各相線與地用短路線連接放電，放電時必須先將短路線一端接地，另一端分別接電纜各相線放電。對于其它電器，例如電容器，試驗變壓器等，接線及去掉連接線前也要注意先放電，后接線。

In addition, before each connection with the cable, connect each phase line of the cable to the ground with a short line for discharge. When discharging, one end of the short line must be grounded first, and the other end must be connected to each phase line of the cable for discharge. For other electrical appliances, such as capacitors, test transformers, etc., pay attention to discharge before wiring and removing the connecting wire.

在設(shè)備測試電纜時，必須先用閃測儀低壓脈沖功能，對電纜各相分別進行全長測試，看三相對鎧裝測試時，測試波形是否一致。對大部分高阻故障，各相測試波形是一致的。對低阻故障以及存在斷相故障的高阻故障，故障相測試波形與測試的電纜全長就不一致，這樣就可以直接用低壓脈沖測試出故障距離。

When the equipment tests the cable, it must first use the low-voltage pulse function of the flash tester to test the full length of each phase of the cable respectively to see whether the test waveform is consistent when the three-phase pair armor is tested. For most high resistance faults, the test waveforms of each phase are consistent. For low resistance fault and high resistance fault with open phase fault, the test waveform of fault phase is inconsistent with the total length of the tested cable, so the fault distance can be directly measured with low-voltage pulse.

故障測試問題分為測試人員及設(shè)備。測試人員要注意儀器的接地和放電，設(shè)備主要是正確接線，可以按照相關(guān)說明書進行了解操作。

The safety problems of fault testing are divided into the safety of testers and the safety of equipment. The safety of testers should pay attention to the grounding and discharge of the instrument. The safety of equipment is mainly the correct wiring, which can be understood and operated according to the relevant instructions.

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